أسئلة تدريب الهندسة الكيميائية (اختبار جاهزية)

المجال 01 · الموازنة المادية والطاقية

In a reactor, the reaction A → 2 B takes place. The feed contains 60 mol/min of A and no B. The fractional conversion of A is 0.50. What is the total molar flow rate of the product stream?

1. A60 mol/min
2. 90 mol/min
3. C120 mol/min
4. D30 mol/min

نموذج — المجموعة الكاملة، مع المراجعة المتباعدة والاختبارات، في التطبيق.

المجال 02 · ميكانيكا الموائع

A fluid flows steadily through a 90° reducing elbow. The pipe is horizontal and the flow enters at section 1 and leaves at section 2. In the control-volume momentum balance for the fluid, which term represents the rate at which momentum leaves the control volume?

1. The mass flow rate multiplied by the velocity vector at section 2
2. BThe pressure at section 2 multiplied by the area at section 2
3. CThe mass flow rate multiplied by the velocity vector at section 1
4. DThe mass flow rate multiplied by the pressure drop between section 1 and section 2

نموذج — المجموعة الكاملة، مع المراجعة المتباعدة والاختبارات، في التطبيق.

المجال 03 · انتقال الحرارة

A cylindrical pipe of inner radius 0.05 m and outer radius 0.10 m has thermal conductivity 0.20 W/(m·K). The inner surface is maintained at 500 K and the outer surface at 400 K. What is the conductive heat transfer rate per unit length of the pipe under steady-state conditions? (Use π ≈ 3.14.)

1. A314 W/m
2. B157 W/m
3. 181 W/m
4. D90 W/m

نموذج — المجموعة الكاملة، مع المراجعة المتباعدة والاختبارات، في التطبيق.

المجال 04 · الديناميكا الحرارية

For the liquid-phase reaction A ⇌ B at 300 K, the standard Gibbs free energy change is ΔG° = −6.0 kJ/mol. A reactor initially contains only A at 1.0 mol/L. Assuming ideal behavior and that ΔG° is independent of temperature, evaluate whether the equilibrium mixture will contain more B than A. What is the equilibrium constant K at 300 K?

1. K = 11, and the equilibrium mixture will contain more B than A because ΔG° is negative.
2. BK = 0.091, and the equilibrium mixture will contain more A than B because the reaction is not spontaneous.
3. CK = 11, but the equilibrium mixture will contain more A than B because the initial concentration of A is high.
4. DK = 1.1, and the equilibrium mixture will contain more B than A because ΔG° is negative.

نموذج — المجموعة الكاملة، مع المراجعة المتباعدة والاختبارات، في التطبيق.

المجال 05 · عمليات الفصل

In convective mass transfer between a flowing fluid and a solid surface, the mass transfer coefficient k_c is best described as:

1. AThe proportionality constant between the diffusive flux and the concentration gradient inside the solid.
2. The proportionality constant between the mass flux at the fluid–solid interface and the concentration difference between the bulk fluid and the interface.
3. CThe ratio of the diffusivity to the boundary layer thickness, independent of fluid velocity.
4. DThe maximum possible mass flux that can be achieved when the interface concentration equals the bulk concentration.

نموذج — المجموعة الكاملة، مع المراجعة المتباعدة والاختبارات، في التطبيق.

المجال 06 · هندسة التفاعلات الكيميائية

The catalytic decomposition of A over a solid catalyst is first order with respect to A and obeys the rate law −rA = k' C_A, where k' = 0.25 s⁻¹. A packed bed reactor is to treat a feed of pure A at a volumetric flow rate of 0.005 m³/s and inlet concentration C_A0 = 2.0 mol/m³. What catalyst weight W is required to achieve 80% conversion in an isothermal plug-flow packed bed?

1. A0.16 kg
2. 0.032 kg
3. C0.08 kg
4. D0.014 kg

نموذج — المجموعة الكاملة، مع المراجعة المتباعدة والاختبارات، في التطبيق.

المجال 07 · التحكم في العمليات

A feed flow disturbance enters a process through a disturbance transfer function G_d = 2 m³/h per m³/h. The controller transfer function is G_c = 4, the final control element is G_v = 0.5, and the process transfer function is G_p = 3. In a regulatory problem, what is the change in the controlled variable caused by a unit step disturbance when the loop is open?

1. 2
2. B12
3. C6
4. D0.5

نموذج — المجموعة الكاملة، مع المراجعة المتباعدة والاختبارات، في التطبيق.

المجال 08 · تصميم العمليات والاقتصاد

A process flow diagram shows a liquid stream entering a fired heater at 10 kg/s and 25 °C. The heater adds 2000 kW to the stream. The heated stream then splits: one branch (4 kg/s) goes to a reactor, and the remaining stream goes to a distillation column. Assuming steady state with negligible heat loss and no phase change, what is the mass flow rate to the distillation column?

1. A4 kg/s
2. 6 kg/s
3. C10 kg/s
4. D14 kg/s

نموذج — المجموعة الكاملة، مع المراجعة المتباعدة والاختبارات، في التطبيق.

المجال 09 · السلامة والصحة والبيئة

A safety data sheet for a chlorinated solvent reports the following: flash point 4 °C, boiling point 61 °C, National Fire Protection Association health rating 3, and a permissible exposure limit of 25 ppm. A worker asks which SDS entry is the primary basis for requiring a supplied-air respirator and local exhaust ventilation, rather than ordinary safety glasses.

1. AThe flash point of 4 °C, because a low flash point indicates the greatest inhalation hazard.
2. The health rating of 3 (serious hazard) and the permissible exposure limit of 25 ppm, because these quantify the inhalation toxicity that respiratory protection controls.
3. CThe boiling point of 61 °C, because a low boiling point means the liquid evaporates and causes asphyxiation.
4. DNone of the listed entries govern respiratory protection; only the SDS section on first-aid measures is relevant.

نموذج — المجموعة الكاملة، مع المراجعة المتباعدة والاختبارات، في التطبيق.